OOPS
FIRST AID - PAIN & INJURY
WARNING!! Consider any injury that you are unable to use the limb because of weakness, even where pain eases quickly, is severe e.g. a full ruptures of ligament or tendon. See a doctor immediately.
Neck Injuries!! require special consideration. Review acute neck pain and injuries.
PAIN GUIDE
The injured person should provide a pain score out of ten where ten is the worst pain imaginable. Here is a guide to response according to the pain level.
A person with a pain of:
10 may go unconscious - KEEP COMFORTABLE and RING AMBULANCE
9 may scream but not be able to speak more than single words - KEEP COMFORTABLE and RING AMBULANCE;
8 groaning, unable to move the part - KEEP COMFORTABLE and RING AMBULANCE;
7 distressed by the pain, moving, not able to do tasks - KEEP COMFORTABLE and STILL and RING AMBULANCE
6 very distracted by the pain, able to do habitual tasks - APPLY FIRST AID RICE as below;
5 aware of and distracted by pain, only able to do light tasks with difficulty - APPLY FIRST AID RICE as below;
4 aware of pain, a little distracted, able to do all light tasks, unable to do heavy or fast tasks - APPLY FIRST AID RICE as below;
3 aware of mild pain, not distracted, able to do most functional and work tasks to 50% full speed and strength - APPLY ICE HALF HOUR WITH 2 HOUR INTERVAL and ALLOW ACTIVITY BETWEEN ICE APPLICATIONS;
2 aware of mild pain, able to do all tasks with to 75% or more in speed and strength - ALLOW ACTIVITIES UP TO 50% maximum strength and speed;
1 have a vague sense of pain, able to do all functional tasks at 90 - 100% of full speed and strength - ALLOW ALL ACTIVITIES and REST if Pain increases.
If your injury has occurred in the past 3 days, apply the RICE technique (see images below).
Go to GAIT ASSESSMENT for problems with weightbearing and walking for advice on support.
Go to the Injury Recovery guides here for advice on specific parts of the body.
Upper Back / Shoulder / Elbow / Hand and Wrist / Lower Back / Hip / Knee / Ankle and Foot
When your injury or pain is more than 3 days ago, go to the FULL BODY CHART to map your pain and any other symptoms. Then follow the guides, there, to more specific assessment of pain and injury with links to the starting for your treatment and rehabilitation.
If you are uncertain, you can book a direct consultation with an OOPS Physiotherapist.
REST
Find the most comfortable position with full relaxing support. Use crutches or a sling if needed to move around.
ICE
Wrap ice in a layer of cloth and over the painful part. Tie it in place and rest with the part elevated for at least half an hour and as long as you can. Repeat at 1 or 2 hour intervals for 3 days.
COMPRESSION
Immediately following the injury, apply a firm (but not tight) compression bandage from below the injury or swelling, spiralling the bandage by overlapping about 1/3 until above the injury or swelling. Re-do the bandage whenever loose. Wear the bandage for 2 - 3 days or until the swelling is mostly eased and you can weightbear on the injured part or use it at least 50% of function.
ELEVATION
Elevate the injured part above heart level to reduce swelling until you can use the limb. Then elevate whenever you are not using the part e.g when sitting. Upper limbs - elevate on pillow in lying, elevate on pillows on table in sitting. Lower limb - elevate on pillows in lying, on another chair if sitting.